Conventions of a news report
- studio news readers
- field reporters - linked to studio
- interviewing
- indent
- rolling news
- direct address
- a desk
- interesting back drop presenter
- talking heads
- speech directed off to one side
- every interviewee at the same eye level
- Interview style questions
- closed questions - this limits the response the interviewee can give and usually ends with a yes or no.
- open question - opposite to a closed question, interviewee is given an opportunity to provide more detail in response.
- emotive question - ask a question with the intention of gaining an emotional response from the interviewee.
- Combative approach - a confrontational and strategic style of interviewing.
- Vox Pox's
- an interviewer will ask an audience in the field about their own opinions on a specific subject.
How does the Newsroom highlight the codes and conventions of the factual news programme
It includes the following things -
- Back of the news room
- social media
- Find news stories out of nothing
- desk
- smart dress
- Advertisement run TV
- They receive the news alert about an incident. They receive the first load of information about the incident.
- Contact every possible source angle related to the incident
- Auto Cue
- Phone calls to sources
- Desk
- Notes
- Chair
- Television in the background
- live news room in the background
- How does the episode focus on the issues facing producers of factual programmes
- They face the problems of having to stay politically unbiased
- They have to make sure the anchors are happy working together
- They have to trust the news source and trust the news source.
- Types of factual Programmes
- News Broadcast
- Social documentary
- Consumer
- Infotainment
- Reality -TOWIE
- Educational - Educating Yorkshire
- Wildlife - Blu Planet
- Special interest - Wheeler Dealers
- Makeover - DIY S.O.S
- Magazine - The One Show
- Discussion - Loose Women
- Review - Top Gear, Gadget Show
- Chat show - Gogglebox, Graham Norton
- Social Documentary - Benefit Street
- Documentary Genres
- Investigative Documentary-
- Most common type, uses a common problem which it then tries to solve
- Dramatic filmic techniques are often used to heighten the tension and draw the audience into the documentary world.
- Film example - The Greatest Movie Ever Sold
- Television - Panorama
- Ethnological documentary -
- A type of Documentary that looks at the lives and culture of a particular society in a scientific or analytical fashion.
- Can often see a reporter living the lives of the society or taking part in the culture, in order to get a realistic idea as to what the culture is actually like
- Film example - 11th hour
- Television - Into the Unknown
- Expository mode (A mode of address) -
- This is the most common used form that uses a 'voice of god' narration to shape the message of the documentary.
- The unseen narrator's words take on a type of power and authority, which is amplified by the style of delivery and tone used.
- This genre is designed to bring forth an argument
- As the views expressed are always mediated by the voice over, this form has strict over the meaning and spectator response.
- Film example - super sized me
- Television - Educating Essex
- Observational mode -
- It is very authentic, there is no direction from the director, and the things that happen within the documentary are purely raw.
- The problem with this, is that it might not be as interesting as the director would have originally intended, and there is a limited amount of creativity and direction that the head director can provide.
- Film - Spell bound
- TV - Pineapple Dance studios
- Interactive mode -
- The director is full on and is engaged with the subject.
- This documentary form is often considered to be the purest, as it does not try to hide the medium.
- This type of film would include a lot of direct address as it would be wanting to inform the audience of various facts and experiences that they have already discovered
- Morgan Spurlock, Michael Moore
- Film - Greatest movie ever sold
- Louis and the Nazis
- Docu-Drama -
- Dramatises events and uses techniques found in fiction film making to reconstruct events.
- Greatest movie ever sold - Case Study
- What did you expect from the documentary? - I expected it to be a lot more interactive than it was, and thought there would be less of a behind the scenes kind of thing. I did not, however, expect the film to be as in depth as it actually was. It clearly showed the process of how companies get companies to sponsor their works.
- What mode/Type of documentary is being used? - The type of documentary that has been used is quite clearly investigative, as their were interviews and infographics that revealed to me things i wasn't expecting to see, like when you have to pitch your idea to the various brands and how much negotiation goes on between client and company.
- What codes and conventions of factual programming were evident? -
- Direct Address
- clear evidence/facts
- Info graphics
- Interviews
- Experts
- Facts
- Vox Pops
- What do you feel the director set out to achieve with the documentary? - I feel as if he wanted to show the importance of sponsorship within todays financial environment but also how some cities, like Sao Paulo, have no commercial advertising around the city because they believed that the population would be too distracted by all the advertising in and around the city.
- What techniques does the director use to interact with the audience and others in the documentary? he does various interviews with marketing companies and finds out their opinion on sponsorship in terms of advertising. He also talks to various experts about the situation, like famous film directors and creators, to get first hand feed back from them. He also created his own mini adverts to show the full process of what goes into making one.
- What challenges and issues associated with factual programming did the director encounter in the documentary? He found that when creating adverts, companies will more or less outline what they want to see within it. furthermore, they will only want that product shown throughout the whole film, for example when he approached the drinks company 'Pom', he had to drink only that drink through out the whole of the film, meaning he had a serious issue in terms of product placement.
- Issues facing producers
- There are a lot of issues facing producers these days and there are some ways they are trying to solve the problems they face. One of the biggest problems they face is finding a trustworthy source that they can use as a lead for a current news story. We looked at an example of this whilst watching the news documentary drama 'The newsroom', in which the producers found it a struggle to find a breaking lead that was credible enough to use to do with the oil spill off the coast of Mexico. Political bias is an issue that is still on going in many ways and it involves one media outlet having particular support for a certain political party, meaning their stories will always try to paint the other parties in a bad light.
- Producers will always know what to include within the shows, as every producer should anyway, but the sorts of things you should expect to see in a documentary should be anything that informs the audience of a subject matter. It should have facts and figures which will educate the audience and widen their understanding of the topic, and it should also engage the audience, be that in an interactive, or POV format. They would use ‘The voice of God’ to guide the audience through the narrative. Another way that you can engage with the audience is by having interviews with various people like professionals, experts or even public opinions on the street.
- For the producer, the consideration of the audience is paramount because otherwise there would be no way in which they would be interested in the final documentary, and it would enable the producer to tailor to what the audience would want to see and make it so that they will be wanting to watch it, instead of sticking it on for the sake of it.
- The issues these producers would face could be sponsorships, as seen in the greatest movie ever sold. Morgan Spurloch looked into making a whole documentary about how advertising drives films, and looked at where he can get the sponsors. One trouble he found was that you have to fit within the companies guidelines on the outlined contract, meaning that for example if you went with Pepsi, you would have to drink their drinks for the whole movie because no other drink has decided to sponsor you, so in short there is no leeway in what you can include in documentaries or films because of how heavily controlled everything is.
- Coming back to the Newsroom, the purpose of a news program would be to inform the public of latest events that have happened, and they would be expected to keep constantly up to date. These type of shows would include a set, which itself would consist of a news desk, news reporter (whose body language is very formal, and direct towards the audience providing direct address), a live news room in the back ground, indents at the beginning of the program, vox pops whilst reporters are in the field asking questions of the public etc.
- With all this said, we now need to have a look at what the future holds for news programs in the wake of the digital age where social media is at the forefront of essentially everything that goes on in our lives. With this introduction, we have no longer looked to BBC television news for up to date stories about what gone on around the world, we rely more on platforms like Twitter and Facebook. These platforms have allowed us to share things a lot easier, and means that we can access information in ways that we have never been able to before, in that we can now find out things that are going on half around the world through following accounts for news stations in those countries. The Breaking news aspect is also not as powerful anymore because of how fast the events can spread across the internet and how they can be seen by a mass audience.
- Task 3 - Plan and research a factual TV programme
- Generate ideas for item
- Chosen sector - Film
- Chosen topic - Reviews
- Studio pieces, clips of film, talking heads of people who have seen the film or people who will want to see the film.
- Preview
- Normal film review
- Film review show research and examples
- Film review - Genre
- They each discuss their own views on the years films and introduce guests along to talk about their films or to help discuss about films of the year. it is an informal show that means it doesn't appeal to specific audience
- This channel reviews shows with one presenter using direct dress to speak to the audience about his views. He is very calm when talking about his views and doesn't 'attack' the audience with his views. he is very impartial when it comes to reviewing films and looks at the making of the film as well as the plot meaning he has in depth analysis. His back drop is a few book shelves stacked with Blu/Ray DVDs and topped with statues from films and his walls are full of film posters.
- Proposal
- We are proposing a to create a film review show that will creatively discuss the films of last year and the upcoming films of the current year.
- What is the audience of your show? Our audience will be film lovers around the world who share the same interests and views as us, or people who like creatively discussing their opinion with other lovers of the cinematic world.
- Why will your audience want to watch your show? because it will be incisive and innovative, allowing for the audience to be engaged and intrigued by the topics talked about. The show will also be interactive allowing the audience to have their say on what goes on in the show and they can their own say in the discussion.
- What is the subject of the show and what is it about? We are proposing to create a film review show that will creatively discuss the films of last year and the upcoming films of the current year.
- What is the point of view you will be showing in the show? It will be from the point of view of a group of film lovers hoping to appeal to a wide audience through their different views and backgrounds
- What happens at the beginning? The group will open by having a 30 second quick fire round of arguing why their film should be the topic for the show and the audience will decide through a live streaming service.
- What happens in the middle? The group talks about the chosen film, and then reviews it from the perspective of each other, its an informal discussion so there will be hardly any format to the 'review' but at the end the group will come to a decision about the rating of the film.
- What new information can the audience take away? They'll take away a new perspective of the film so they will have a greater depth of knowledge about what the film is about/included
- How many minutes do you guess the beginning, middle and end are, each? beginning - 2 minutes, middle - 2 minutes, end - 1 minute.
- List places where it will be filmed - it will be entirely studio based, but the use of different camera angles will make the show interactive.
- List the equipment - Camera, green screen, round desk, paper, pen, chairs.
List of camera shots for our film show
- high angle pan shot of the studio at the start of the show the studio
- Mid shot of all three presenters sitting on sofas discussing the film
- left side angle of the shot three presenters with screen in shot in the background
- close up shot of opening presenter
- birds eye view of the desk/table
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